Hygiene Atlas

Atlas · Plate VII · General and Oral Pathology · 01

Inflammation and repair

Inflammation shows five cardinal signs: redness, heat, swelling, pain and loss of function. Histamine from mast cells opens vessels early, neutrophils dominate acute inflammation, and lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages take over when it becomes chronic. Clean wound edges heal by primary intention, while a gap fills with granulation tissue by secondary intention. An abscess is a localized collection of pus.

High-yield facts · 6

  1. Five cardinal signs of inflammation: redness (rubor), heat (calor), swelling (tumor), pain (dolor), loss of function.S49
  2. Acute inflammation is dominated by neutrophils; chronic inflammation by lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages.T5
  3. Histamine from mast cells causes early vasodilation and increased permeability.T5
  4. Healing by primary intention closes clean wound edges; secondary intention fills a gap with granulation tissue.T5
  5. Pus is dead neutrophils, bacteria and tissue debris; an abscess is a localized collection of pus.T5
  6. Fever is a systemic sign; adult oral temperature over about 100.4 F (38 C) is generally called fever.S49

Facts are written in our own words; each tag links to its source. Values marked "sources vary" differ between references, so check the one your program uses.