Hygiene Atlas

Atlas · Plate XI · Instrumentation · 07

Files, hoes and chisels

These older instruments are rarely used today but still appear on board items. Files have several cutting edges to crush heavy calculus and smooth overhangs. Hoes have one straight edge at about 100 degrees and need two-point contact with a pull stroke. Chisels have a 45-degree beveled edge pushed from facial to lingual on anterior proximal surfaces.

High-yield facts · 4

  1. Periodontal files have several cutting edges set at 90-105 degrees to the shank; they crush heavy calculus and smooth overhangs.T3
  2. Hoes have one straight cutting edge at about 100 degrees to the shank; they need two-point contact (blade and shank) and a pull stroke.T3
  3. Chisels have a 45-degree beveled straight edge and use a push stroke from facial to lingual on anterior proximal surfaces.T3
  4. Files, hoes and chisels are seldom used today, but they still appear on exams.T3

Facts are written in our own words; each tag links to its source. Values marked "sources vary" differ between references, so check the one your program uses.