Atlas · Plate XVII · Patient Management and Special Needs · 02
Self-care aids
Match the aid to the mouth. The modified Bass method angles bristles 45 degrees into the sulcus and is the usual choice for sulcular plaque, while Charters suits orthodontic appliances and open embrasures. Floss wraps in a C shape, interdental brushes fit open spaces, furcations and implants, and tongue cleaning targets the main source of bad breath.
High-yield facts · 10
- Modified Bass: bristles at 45 degrees into the sulcus, short vibratory strokes, then a roll toward the occlusal; most recommended for sulcular plaque.T2
- Stillman: bristles at 45 degrees apically, partly on the attached gingiva, vibrate for gingival stimulation; modified Stillman adds the roll.T2
- Charters: bristles at 45 degrees toward the occlusal; for open embrasures, orthodontic appliances and after periodontal surgery.T2
- Fones (circular) method is easiest for young children; the rolling-stroke method is for patients with healthy gingiva.T2
- Replace toothbrushes about every 3-4 months or when bristles fray.T2
- Floss: wrap in a C shape around each proximal surface and go just below the gingival margin.T2
- Interdental brushes are best for open embrasures, furcations and around implants; match the brush size to the space.T2
- Wooden interdental cleaners are triangular; place the flat base toward the gingiva.T2
- Oral irrigators help ortho, implant and bridge patients; tips at 90 degrees to the long axis for supragingival use.T2
- Clean the tongue from back to front; the posterior dorsum is the main source of oral malodor (volatile sulfur compounds).T2
Facts are written in our own words; each tag links to its source. Values marked "sources vary" differ between references, so check the one your program uses.