Hygiene Atlas

Atlas · Plate XIV · Infection Control · 08

Sterilization monitoring

Sterilization is checked three ways: mechanical readings every cycle, chemical indicators on and inside every pack, and biological spore tests at least weekly and with every implant load. Steam and chemical vapor use Geobacillus stearothermophilus; dry heat uses Bacillus atrophaeus. A positive spore test takes the unit out of service for a retest, and a second positive means recall and repair.

High-yield facts · 7

  1. Monitor mechanically (time, temperature, pressure) every cycle; use chemical indicators on and inside every package.S10S7
  2. Spore testing (biological indicators) at least weekly and with every load containing an implantable device.S10S7
  3. Steam and unsaturated chemical vapor: Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores. Dry heat: Bacillus atrophaeus spores.S10
  4. Prevacuum steam sterilizers also need a daily air-removal (Bowie-Dick type) test before the first load.S9
  5. External chemical indicators (e.g., tape) show exposure only; internal integrating indicators react to time, temperature and steam.S10
  6. A positive spore test: take the sterilizer out of service, check procedures, retest; if positive again, recall items processed since the last negative test and repair the unit.S10
  7. Keep sterilization records for the time required by state law.S10

Facts are written in our own words; each tag links to its source. Values marked "sources vary" differ between references, so check the one your program uses.